Eight million people die of cancer across the world each year. One in two men and one in three women in the UK will be diagnosed with cancer in their lifetime, and for most cancers the chance of developing the disease rises dramatically with age. The key to cancer prevention may lie in the immune system rather than genetic mutations, the current focus of most anti-cancer efforts across the world, according to a major new study carried out at the University of Dundee. For decades, it has been known that mutations arising either as a result of genetic predisposition, or lifestyle or environmental factors cause cancer. The traditional view is that the way cancer risk increases with age could be understood and quantified if multiple (typically five to six) mutations in one cell are required to initiate cancer. The Dundee team, which also features researchers from Heriot Watt University, the University of Edinburgh and the Institut Curie in France, have shown that a declining immune system with age may actually be a stronger reason for the increasing risk of developing cancer than multiple mutations. Following the hypothesis that an ageing immune system may result in higher rates of cancer, just as it leads to older people being more prone to other diseases, they looked at data on 2 million cases of cancer over the 18-70 age range. They then developed a mathematical equation for how they would expect cancer incidence to rise in relation to a declining immune system and compared it to the age profiles for 100 different cancers. See more at uod.ac.uk/research
Ageing immune system may explain age-related cancer risk increase - YouTube |
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